Intel x86 Help Pages
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x86 is a foundational family of Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs) developed by Intel that powers most modern personal computers, laptops, data centers, and servers. Initially introduced with the 16-bit 8086 microprocessor in 1978, the architecture earned its name because its subsequent chip iterations ended in “86” (such as the 80186, 80286, 80386, and 80486). They are all backwards compatible with each other but each new generation has added features and more speed than the previous chip. Modern x86 is relatively uncommon in embedded systems, however; small low power applications (using tiny batteries), and low-cost microprocessor markets, such as home appliances and toys, lack significant x86 presence. Simple 8- and 16-bit based architectures are common here, as well as simpler RISC architectures like ARM and RISC-V.