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Synchronization

Synchronization connects handheld devices to desktop computers, notebooks, and peripherals in order to transfer or synchronize data.

The traditional method of synchronization uses serial cables to connect handheld devices and other computing equipment. Now, however, many handheld devices use either an infrared (IR) port or Bluetooth technology to send information to other devices without needing to use cables.
Infrared Port
IrDA Data, a standard formulated by the Infrared Data Association to ensure the quality and interoperability of infrared hardware, is designed for data transfer over distances of up to one meter, acting as a point-to-point cable replacement.

Bluetooth Wireless Technology
Bluetooth is a specification aiming at simplifying communications among handheld devices, printers, computers, and other devices based on short-range radio technology.
The Bluetooth 1.1 specifications consist of two documents: the Core, which provides design specifications, and the Profile, which provides interoperability guidelines.