Technologies for Website Building (Cont.)

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Programming Languages (Cont.)
Below is the breakdown of programming languages used in the world’s most popular websites and most use more than one:

Programming Language	Major Users
PHP	Facebook, Yahoo, Google, Wikipedia, WordPress
ASP.NET	Live, MSN.com, Bing
Java	Amazon, eBay, LinkedIn, YouTube
Ruby	Twitter

Frameworks/Platforms
A framework is a group of libraries of optimized and field-tested code that provide building blocks you can use to construct a website. They allow reusing code from common functions without “reinventing the wheel.” Most modern complex websites rely on frameworks since they make web development more time- and cost-effective. They routinely have pre-written solutions for most of the functions and features commonly used on websites. Some of the most common frameworks are listed below:

Programming Language	Framework/Platform
PHP	Zend, Yii, Symphony, CodeIgniter, Cake PHP
C#, Visual Basic	ASP.NET (Visual Studio)
Java	Spring/Hibernate, Struts, Tapestry, Scala
Ruby	Rails, Sinatra

Database Engines
A database engine or database server is the underlying component of your website where your entire website’s data is stored. This is where your website will store all the information such as products, orders, transactions, user records, etc. The most common databases for web developers are MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, and PostgreSQL. MySQL and PostgreSQL are generally “free” (open source) database engines, whereas Microsoft SQL and Oracle require licenses that can be expensive.

Company	Databases
Oracle	Oracle, MySQL
Microsoft	Access, SQL Server
IBM	DB2