Slide 10.3: PUSH and POP instructions
Slide 10.5: Defining and using procedures
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Other Push and Pop Instructions

PUSHFD and POPFD Instructions
The PUSHFD pushes the 32-bit EFLAGS register on the stack, and POPFD pops the stack into EFLAGS.

PUSHAD and POPAD Instructions
The PUSHAD instruction pushes all of the 32-bit general-purpose registers on the stack in the following order: EAX, ECX, EDX, EBX, ESP (value before executing PUSHAD), EBP, ESI, and EDI. The POPAD instruction pops the same registers off the stack in reverse order.

 Checking Balanced Parentheses of ( and )  
 INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
 .data
 expr     BYTE  64 DUP(0)      ;; Only characters ‘(’ and ‘)’ allowed
 depth    WORD  0
 prompt1  BYTE  "Correct", 0
 prompt2  BYTE  "Incorrect", 0

 .code
 main PROC
      call  Clrscr
      mov   edx, OFFSET expr
      mov   ecx, (SIZEOF expr) - 1
      call  ReadString
      mov   esi, OFFSET expr
      mov   ecx, eax

 L1:  cmp   BYTE PTR [esi], '('
      jne   L2    

     

      

      

      
      

    
    
       
    

      
     

    
      push  eax
      call  increment
      jmp   L3

 L2:  cmp   depth, 0
      je    ERR
      pop   eax
      cmp   al, BYTE PTR [esi]
      jne   ERR
      dec   depth

 L3:  inc   esi
      loop  L1

      cmp   depth, 0
      jne   ERR
      mov   edx, OFFSET prompt1
      call  WriteString
      jmp   L4

 ERR: mov   edx, OFFSET prompt2
      call  WriteString
 L4:  exit
 main ENDP

 increment PROC             ; This procedure is not really required.
      pushad                ; It is used to demonstrate the use of
      mov   cx, depth       ;   PUSHAD and POPAD.
      inc   cx
      mov   depth, cx
      popad
      ret
 increment ENDP

 END main